Due to exceptional personalities of Christian theology, the philanthropy of the fourth century, named also the gold age of the Christianity, integrates almost exhaustively the message of the Jesus’ Gospel related to the suffering people. The interest of the Church Fathers in philanthropic domain wasn’t expressed only theoretically, but it also materialized into a huge social work. In this context, the most conclusive fact of the fourth century was the putting up of the basis of the modern hospital. For this matter, the Church itself started to hire professional doctors, organized their work and paid them. In this aspect, Saint Basil the Great and thereafter Saint John Chrysostom had the fundamental role. The social assistance institutions created by Saint Basil included asylums, houses for re-education of the „dishonoured” girls, hospitals, technical schools, public eating houses. All this establishments were known as Basileias. The Basileias offered charitable help for many categories of wretched people: poor, foreigners and homeless people, orphans, elders and infirm people, lepers and ills. The present paper synthesizes and analyzes the charity help offered to the above mentioned categories by Basileias.
